The naphtha was distilled from coal tar, with the Bonnington Chemical Works being a major supplier.

Syme did not propose the sandwich idea and his paper did not mention waterproofing.

Waterproofing garments with rubber was an old idea, and was practised in pre-Columbian times by Aztecs, who impregnated fabric with latex.

Later, French scientists made balloons gas-tight (and incidentally, impermeable) by impregnating fabric with rubber dissolved in turpentine, but this solvent was not satisfactory for making apparel.

Hancock had also been experimenting with rubber coated fabrics since 1819.

The company collaborated with leading fashion houses such as Gucci, Herms, Louis Vuitton, and Liberty.

The coats became particularly popular with Japanese women, and the company won a Queens Award for Enterprise in 2000 for its success in international trade.

In December 2003 the company name was formally changed to Mackintosh.

In January 2011, the company opened its first fashion store in London.

These new lines of fashion both included male and female lines of clothing.

International Journal for the History of Engineering Technology.

Queensawards.org.uk.

Archived from the original on 2008-05-12.

Personal Narrative of the Origin and Progress of the Caoutchouc or India-Rubber Manufacture in England.

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